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Guide: What Are the 5 Different Stages of Team Formation?

Blog Post

By Bradford R. Glaser

Guide: What Are the 5 Different Stages of Team Formation?

Team Formation
Guide: What Are the 5 Different Stages of Team Formation?

Blog Post

By Bradford R. Glaser
Team Formation

Guide: What Are the 5 Different Stages of Team Formation?

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Explore the five stages of team formation, from creating to adjourning, and understand their importance for strong, successful, and productive teamwork.

Did you know that you, like every team that succeeds, go through five clear stages of development? I think it’s also pretty interesting and helpful to know these stages. It’s especially helpful if you’re working to build a group that’s cohesive and productive. The model, introduced by psychologist Bruce Tuckman in 1965, gives a complete roadmap that takes a group from being strangers to becoming a well-oiled machine.

You see, create, storm, norm, perform, and adjourn are the stages. Each stage plays a big part in building a strong team. I want to talk about these phases with you and show ideas and plans about how to move through each step successfully. If you’re leading a new project team or part of an established group, knowing the stages will help you get the success you want.

So, let’s talk about each stage and learn how you can use them to create stronger and better teamwork!

Recommended event from HRDQ-U

Want to learn more? Watch a webinar or join a workshop on this topic.
SPARK: Ignite Great Leadership through Exceptional Self-Leadership

Discover how to achieve team success and foster professional growth by developing great leadership skills like time management, influence, and courage.

What Is the Creating Stage?

You will watch the team members show up for the first time during the early stage – when the process of finding shared thoughts and matching goals starts since this phase has a mix of excitement and some uncertainty. Everyone is excited to make a good first impression and starts finding out the boundaries and what is expected within the team.

As you see your team interacting, you’ll note high levels of politeness and caution since everyone is usually on their best behavior and stays away from conflicts while testing the waters. Actions are guided by a desire to be accepted by peers, which makes them not sure of joining group discussions or making strong statements.

You will also see a clear need to lead during this phase. Team members look for direction and need to know the team’s goals and their roles. Strong leadership matters here. I think early on, leaders need to step up, outline clear goals, help with introductions, and set the right tone for future interactions since this helps lessen the first uncertainty. It also guides team members toward their tasks and each other, which creates a sense of safety and a shared job.

The Creating Stage

Why do you think team members avoid strong opinions or conflicts at this stage?

It’s mainly because this stage is to get used to the team’s process – and they are also finding their place within the group! Everyone is focused on figuring out where they fit into the bigger picture since this usually leads to questions about specific roles and what is expected.

As they move through this stage, team members make their first attempts to define tasks and also try to see how their contributions fit into the team’s goals – a delicate time when the foundation for future teamwork is being set. The team should be attentive to creating a supportive environment that leads to openness and gradually guides the group toward more meaningful engagements and deeper trust-building.

Challenges Of the Storming Stage

When you look into the process of actually creating a team, you’ll see the important Storming stage, which is a big part and sometimes a tough phase that tests your team’s unity and general toughness. So, why is this phase so big? Well, during storming, different people and all kinds of ideas can clash. That usually leads to conflict and some competition because this period is tough. Everyone then struggles to settle disagreements and different long-term visions for the team’s true path.

The effect on your team’s general performance during this particular phase is big. Often, you’ll quickly note a dip in collective efficiency. Energies then get diverted to resolving these personal conflicts and also focusing on team goals. Disagreements over clear team goals and subgroups or cliques can further complicate things. If these problems remain largely unaddressed, they can stop your team’s basic ability to advance to more productive stages of teamwork.

The Storming Stage

But what role do leaders play in handling these stormy waters? A good leader’s active involvement is very big during Storming! Leaders must step up quickly and manage these conflicts to guide team members through these power struggles. Their job is not just to settle the disputes but to get everyone to accept these different views and different skills. That input is obviously big for moving your team toward shared growth and also unity.

So, how can these tough challenges be worked out? You should promote open communication and negotiation. These matter, too. So, through this transparency, teams can find close ground or at least start to respect their differences – this respect matters quite a bit to move to the next stages of team development.

Finally, although the storming stage is full of tough hurdles, it lays the important groundwork to build a much stronger team. Handling this difficult stage well needs patience, good leadership, a strong commitment to shared goals, and a deep understanding! Moving forward, your team’s ability to address and overcome all these first challenges sets the stage to create a harmonious and very productive working environment.

What Happens During the Norming Stage?

In the Norming stage of team formation, you’ll see a big change in how your team works, especially since this phase is usually where things start to go well. Roles become much clearer, respect grows, and a real sense of community starts to show up quickly since this time helps build a sturdy framework that strongly supports high performance.

As your team moves into the Norming stage, one of the first changes you will see is the important improvement of team roles and your responsibilities. Each member also starts to understand their tasks better, and they also see how their valuable contributions fit into the bigger picture since this clarification removes confusion. It lets each person focus more on their specific roles.

This stage shows the solidification of all team processes and procedures. Your team starts to set clear rules for communication, decisions, and even conflict resolution. What systems do you find helpful for keeping everyone on the same page? You need to set these helpful protocols, which help the team work easily even as challenges appear.

The Norming Stage

Trust and shared respect are very important for any successful team. During the Norming stage, these parts become stronger. Team members start relying more on one another, and they also look for advice and value the different views each person brings since this shared respect creates a very supportive environment. People become more willing to take smart risks and innovate, knowing the team supports them.

Leadership starts to shift during this stage, which is important. You see the team leader step back a bit and let team members take the lead in different important situations. This change empowers people and distributes leadership responsibilities since this makes the team less dependent on just one person. Leadership is about facilitation and support rather than direct control.

This stage is about making important progress toward the team’s goals. As norms solidify and everyone understands their role, your team’s productivity will probably soar. With established norms and clear goals, the group moves steadily toward achieving project milestones.

Remember, the Norming stage is when your team’s hard work starts paying off. You move together toward greater collaboration and shared achievement since this development sets the stage for the next steps of the team process, where these foundations enable even higher levels of performance.

The Performing Stage

When you and your team get to the Performing stage, you all work at your best. Here, you see all the hard work from earlier stages come together. You feel a strong sense of closeness and trust because you all trust each other. Everyone is very motivated. The energy in the room can be felt, which pushes you all toward your shared goals.

What is it like at this stage? Well, each of you knows exactly where you fit and what you need to do. The environment allows for easy conversations and almost effortless problem-solving since this high level of efficiency comes from everyone’s dedication. The group works like a well-oiled machine. You handle conflicts constructively when they come up, and they always keep the team’s focus and progress on track.

The Performing Stage

Why is this stage a big part? Right now, the team leader can step back from everyday management, which shows that you all trust each other to make decisions and solve problems. Decisions are also made quickly. It shows that you all know how each person will respond and work together easily.

Can you and your team adapt to changes during this stage? One awesome detail of the Performing stage is your team’s toughness and flexibility when new challenges come up. You are always ready to handle changes and adapt without much oversight since this ability shows how interdependent you all are. It will make sure you can keep doing well even when things outside the team change.

While the Performing stage is a time of high efficiency and teamwork, remember that big changes can sometimes cause you to go back to earlier stages. This step back is not a sign of failure – it’s a natural part of the team’s growth. See it as a chance to grow and strengthen your bonds. How will you use your team’s strengths to handle setbacks or changes?

Why the Adjourning Stage Matters

The Adjourning stage, which some people also call the mourning stage, is the last important part of the team formation process. Here, you and your team will wrap up the activities and get ready to break up once you’ve hit all of your goals since this stage is marked by a big emotional process as you think about your team’s wins and celebrate all your successes! But why is this stage so important to you?

After the project ends, you have to then step away from your tasks and the relationships you’ve built since this change can bring more changes within your group. How can you manage this change?

A big detail about the adjourning stage is how it can affect team morale. As members get ready to leave, a sense of loss can be strong. You need to balance mourning the end of the group and celebrating the goals you’ve reached. Good leaders recognize both individual and team wins, which improves the sense of closure with positive recognition since it is important to keep morale up while moving from control to letting go of group membership.

The Adjourning Stage

Recognizing wins can happen in many ways. You might hold a closing ceremony or a formal event, going past easy verbal praise and giving out certificates or tokens that show how much the work meant! What about leaders who forget this much-needed stage? Without the right closure, you might feel less valued or liked, which can hurt morale and productivity in your future tasks.

A well-handled adjourning stage helps you move on by carrying big lessons into new roles or tasks. How can you make sure these lessons are passed on?

As you lead a team through this big but often ignored stage, remember, your skill to guide them to a good end will show up again in your team’s success in future tasks.

Putting Tuckman’s Model In Real Life

Handling team formation through Bruce Tuckman’s stages can be an exciting adventure filled with plans and revelations. You should think about what you can all do together! Each stage – from getting started to wrapping up – sets the stage for great teamwork and leadership. To push your team forward or hold it back depends quite a bit on how well you know these steps and processes. So, what have you learned about your team’s latest stage?

This article shows the need for strong leadership and open, honest communication. These parts are pretty big, especially during the Storming and Performing stages, where conflicts need to be handled, and group goals need to be achieved! These strategies can help with general team productivity and personal satisfaction. Thinking back on your past experience, have better communication skills ever helped you in a tough place?

An Efficient Team

To change theory into practice might seem a bit scary, but it’s very rewarding. Looking for growth opportunities and getting more knowledge is important in this process. We at HRDQ-U are always committed to giving you resources to help pros like you use models like Tuckman’s in real-life scenarios. Our world of webinars, podcasts, and blog posts is here also to support both your personal and professional growth. Why not join our learning community today? Get access to all the needed info that could easily change your strategy to teamwork and leadership.

Speaking of growth and empowerment, you don’t want to miss our webinar, SPARK: Ignite Great Leadership through Exceptional Self-Leadership. It’s designed perfectly to give you skills for inspiring others – this is your big chance to turn strategies into plans that help with team productivity and morale. So, how about taking this step forward with us? What changes might help your team, and how can HRDQ-U help make these changes stick? Let’s keep learning together and make a lasting mark in our professional lives!

Author
Headshot of Brad Glaser
Bradford R. Glaser

Brad Glaser is President and CEO of HRDQ, a publisher of soft-skills learning solutions, and HRDQ-U, an online community for learning professionals hosting webinars, workshops, and podcasts. His 35+ years of experience in adult learning and development have fostered his passion for improving the performance of organizations, teams, and individuals.

Recommended Training from HRDQ-U
SPARK: Ignite Great Leadership through Exceptional Self-Leadership

Discover how to achieve team success and foster professional growth by developing great leadership skills like time management, influence, and courage.

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